What sort of creature is the Human? The obvious answer is a very smart, very talkative, upright ape with a very extreme affection for material possessions.

Although we exhibit lots of individual and cultural variations, Humans are animals, and like all animals we have characteristics that distinguish us as a species.

An alien would have no trouble categorising us but we struggle to pin down the essence of humanness.

Conscientiousness: People who rank highest in conscientiousness are efficient, well-organized, dependable, and self-sufficient. They prefer to plan things in advance and aim for high achievement.

People who rank lower in conscientiousness may view those with this personality trait as stubborn and obsessive.

Extroversion: People who rank high in extroversion gain energy from social activity. They are talkative and outgoing and comfortable in the spotlight. Others may view them as domineering and attention-seeking.

Agrreableness: Those who rank high in agreeableness are trustworthy, kind, and affectionate toward others.

They are known for their pro-social behavior and they are often committed to volunteer work and altruistic activities. Other people may view them as naïve and overly passive.

Openness: People who rate high in openness are known for their broad range of interests and vivid imaginations. They are curious and creative and they usually prefer variety over rigid routines.

They are known for their pursuits of self-actualization through intense, euphoric experiences like meditative retreats or living abroad. Others may view them as unpredictable and unfocused.

Neurotisism: Neurotic people experience a high degree of emotional instability. They are reactive and excitable and report higher degrees of unpleasant emotions like anxiety and irritability. Others may view them as unstable and insecure.